卡罗琳·博斯——

作为建筑师和城市规划师，我们可以为那些苦苦挣扎的人做些事情

Caroline Bos –

In our profession as architects and urban designers, we can do something to help people who are struggling

心理健康是一个大问题，涉及到许多方面。我们作为建筑师和城市规划师也可以做出积极的贡献，这正是我所希望的。

It is a big problem，and there are many different aspects to it. I'm saying that in our profession, as architects and urban designers, we can also contribute in a positive way, that's what I'm hoping for.

Ms. Caroline gave a lecture at Nanjing University

Q:为什么您今年提出了“为心理健康而设计”的主题？

Why did you propose the theme of designing for mental health this year?

A:我想每个人身边都有曾经或正在与心理健康问题作斗争的人。我也有两个亲近的朋友都曾在医院接受精神疾病治疗。因此，我亲眼目睹了他们的痛苦。这两位女性并非年轻人，与我年龄相仿，但还是让我感到非常意外。但我也知道一些年轻人深受这些问题的困扰，所以我认为这是每个人生活的一部分。正因如此，出于我自身的兴趣，我开始阅读相关内容。

I think everyone knows people close to them who have struggled or are struggling with mental health issues. I also have two close friends who have both had to receive psychiatric care in hospital. So I have seen the suffering close up. Neither of these women are young people, they are closer to my age, but still it was very unexpected. But I also know young people who suffer from these issues, so I think it's part of everyone's life. And it was because of this that I started reading about it, out of personal interest. 

心理健康不同于其他任何疾病。当人们面临心理问题时，往往感到孤立，很难与他人分享，保持联系也很困难。困难程度会不断加深。

It's not like any other illness. When people are suffering from mental problems, they become isolated and it's difficult for them to share, to keep in touch. It becomes really very difficult.

墨尔本南岸综合体项目 STH BNK by Beulah Melbourne ©Norm Li

Q:您对年轻人中“躺平”现象的看法是什么？

What's your perspective on the current trend of 'lying down' among young people?

A:这不仅仅是在中国，全世界都有这个现象。我读到了一篇关于年轻人回乡潮的报道，这也可以被看作是一种重新调整。也许因为人们在事业上承受着过多的压力。所以如果压力过大，他们可以花一些时间，退后一步来寻找另一种方式，而不是一味地追求最高的薪水和最高职位。这样一来就有了更多的平衡，他们会感到快乐。所以做出这样的转变是有积极作用的。

It’s not only in China, it’s all over the world. I read a story about the phenomenon of young adults going back to the family, and that it could be also seen as a sort of a reset. That perhaps people are being pushed too hard on the career front. So then, if there is too much pressure, they can take some time and take a step back in order to find another way that is not so focused on having the highest salary and the top job. With a little bit more balance they can be happy, so making a switch like that can be very positive. 

心理健康是一个大问题，涉及到许多方面。我觉得我们作为建筑师和城市规划师也能够负一些责任，做一些事情。并不是说我们能马上解决所有问题，我们没有那样的能力。但是我们也可以做出积极的贡献，这就是我所希望的。

But it is a big problem, and there are many different aspects to it. I'm saying that in our profession, as architects and urban designers, we can also take some responsibility, also do something. Not that we can suddenly solve all the problems, not at all. But we can also contribute in a positive way, that's what I'm hoping for.

南京嘉华G72综合发展项目 K.Wah G72 Mixed-use development ©UNStudio

很多人的日常生活都很平淡。如果有更多的娱乐消遣，那会让人们的生活更加多姿多彩，情感更加丰富饱满，而不是被迫只追求一个目标。作为建筑师，我们可以在这方面有所作为。正如我们为儿童设计空间以促进他们的成长。而在最近几年，人们还发现，例如，通过重现40年前他们生活的环境，阿尔茨海默病患者可以得到极大的帮助。因此建成环境绝对在提升心理健康方面发挥着巨大作用，但是主流建筑学界对它的探索还很欠缺。

Many people live in a very humdrum environment in their daily lives. But it would be good to have more recreational pastimes, so that people can lead more colourful and emotional lives, rather than being forced to pursue only one goal. As architects we can make a difference in this area. As we design spaces for children in ways that stimulate their development. In recent years, it has also been found that, for instance, patients with Alzheimer disease can be enormously helped by having environments that recreate their world 40 years ago. So the built environment definitely plays a huge role in supporting mental health. But it is very under-explored by mainstream architecture.

绿色英里 Green Mile ©Plomp

Brainport智慧街区 Brainport Smart District ©Plomp

Q:在您看来，一个成功设计的最重要核心是什么？

in your view, what is the most important core of a successful design?

A:我认为我们讨论的是一个非常全面的问题。可持续性是一个目标，建筑的性能如何为人服务是一个目标，体验也是一个目标，然后将所有这些真正融合成一个令人信服的解决方案。因此，你需要的是整体性。如果你试图最大化某一方面，就会以另一方面为代价，所以这是不可行的，你必须进行综合考虑。

I think we're talking about a very holistic thing. Sustainability is a goal, how the building performs for people is a goal, the experience is a goal, and then really blending all of that into a compelling solution. So what you need is that wholeness. If you try to maximize one aspect, it comes at the cost of another, so it's not viable, and you have to think holistically.

代尔夫特理工大学Echo教学楼 Echo, TU Delft ©Evabloem

Q:在竞赛参赛作品中，您最看重哪些方面？

What aspects do you value the most in the entries for the competition?

A:这次的参赛作品非常多样化。我试着去理解各种不同类型的解决方案或提案，并对它们进行分类，然后寻找我认为在每个类别中都很突出的案例。我很高兴看到范围如此广泛。我不想说某一种方法或解决方案最好，因为多样性很重要。有一些作品表现出真正的同理心，展现了富有想象力的积极形象，我就不具体点名了，这对其他作品不公平。

The entries this time were very diverse. I tried to make sense of all the different types of solutions or proposals and categorize them and then look for examples that I thought were very good in each category. I was pleased to see such a wide range. I don't want to say that one approach or solution is best, I think diversity is important. There were some entries that showed real empathy and presented imaginative and positive images, but I don't want to name names because that would be unfair to other entries.

我认为同理心是非常重要的。真正的同理心思考的不仅仅是自己，还有其他群体。敏感性和创造力也很重要。

I think empathy is very important. True empathy goes beyond themself and considers other groups. Sensitivity and creativity are also important.

2023霍普杯一等奖作品《光的日常》

UIA-HYP Cup 2023 First Prize "The daily routine of the light"

Q:您如何看待人工智能设计？

How do you view AI design?

A:我们利用所有可能的技术，努力使我们的设计变得更好。应用对自己有利的技术是一件正向的事情，也是值得做的。

We use all possible techniques to try and make our designs better. Adopting and using new techniques that work in your favour is good and worth doing.

我认为人工智能将成为帮助人们提高工作效率的工具，而这些工具也将不断完善。但在UNStudio，我们更倾向于使用我们自己的人工智能工具。我们避免使用其他来源的工具，因为需要保持一定的可控性。

I think AI is going to be a tool that helps people work more efficiently, and these tools are only going to get better. But we prefer to use our own AI tools at UNStudio. We avoid using other sources because we need to maintain some sense of control.

Q：对于有志从事建筑设计职业的学生，您有什么建议，尤其是在规划他们自己的职业道路方面？

What advice do you have for students aspiring to pursue a career in architectural design, in terms of planning their own career paths?

A:我认为对我们来说，拥有一个在世界各地开展大量项目的大型工作室是件好事，有些建筑师则喜欢专注于一个项目。这其实是因人而异的。你必须了解自己，了解什么适合你。但我想说的是，始终保持兴趣，以积极和乐观的态度看待事物。我认为建筑师必须是乐观的，极其乐观。